Tag: Jewish

Eschatology, From the Archives, The Last Days

Why Eschatology Matters

Rooted & Raised

From the series: Understanding the End Times — A Biblical Framework

“All Scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness.” — 2 Timothy 3:16 (NKJV)

When you hear the word eschatology, it may sound intimidating, even academic. But in simple terms, eschatology means “the study of last things.” It’s about what God has revealed in His Word concerning the future — the return of Christ, the resurrection of the dead, the final judgment, and the new heavens and earth.

The question is: does this matter for our daily lives? According to Scripture, it matters more than we often realize. Eschatology shapes the way we live in the present, strengthens our faith, and calls us to walk as watchful disciples.

What Is Eschatology?

The word comes from two Greek terms:

  • eschatos = “last” or “final”
  • logos = “word, discourse, or study”

So eschatology simply means the study of the last things. Scripture uses this framework to reveal God’s purposes: the kingdom of Christ, the judgment of the nations, the resurrection of the dead, and the restoration of all creation.

Along the way, you’ll encounter key words like:

  • Millennium (Revelation 20:1–6) — Christ’s 1,000-year reign.
  • Tribulation (Matthew 24:21) — a unique time of distress and judgment.
  • Rapture (1 Thessalonians 4:16–17) — the church caught up to meet Christ.
  • Apostasy (2 Thessalonians 2:3) — the great falling away before the man of sin is revealed.

Don’t let these terms overwhelm you. They are simply markers that help us explore what God has already revealed.

Why Study Prophecy?

Some Christians avoid prophecy, thinking it’s too divisive or complicated. But God says otherwise:

  • Hope — “Looking for the blessed hope and glorious appearing of our great God and Savior Jesus Christ.” (Titus 2:13)
  • Holiness — “Everyone who has this hope in Him purifies himself, just as He is pure.” (1 John 3:3)
  • Mission — “This gospel of the kingdom will be preached in all the world as a witness to all the nations, and then the end will come.” (Matthew 24:14)
  • Comfort — “Therefore comfort one another with these words.” (1 Thessalonians 4:18)

Far from being speculative, prophecy is intensely practical. It strengthens our endurance, calls us to holy living, fuels our urgency for the gospel, and comforts us with the promise of Christ’s return.

Can We Trust the Bible’s Prophecy?

Skeptics often ask: “How do you know these ancient texts haven’t been corrupted?” The evidence is overwhelming:

  • The Dead Sea Scrolls (dated ~150 BC) show Isaiah’s words copied with astonishing accuracy for over 1,000 years.
  • The New Testament is preserved in more than 5,800 Greek manuscripts — more than any other ancient document.
  • Archaeology repeatedly confirms Scripture:
    • The Cyrus Cylinder validates Isaiah’s prophecy of Cyrus by name (Isaiah 44:28).
    • The Tel Dan Stele confirms the dynasty of King David.
    • The Pilate Inscription affirms Pontius Pilate as prefect in Judea.

Even more compelling is fulfilled prophecy itself:

  • Messiah’s birth in Bethlehem (Micah 5:2; Matthew 2:1).
  • His entry into Jerusalem on a donkey (Zechariah 9:9; Matthew 21:4–5).
  • His piercing and suffering (Isaiah 53; Psalm 22).

If God has been this precise in what’s already fulfilled, we can trust Him for what is yet to come.

Apostasy — The Last Days Backdrop

Before the glory of Christ’s return, Scripture warns of a great departure from truth:

  • “Let no one deceive you by any means; for that Day will not come unless the falling away comes first, and the man of sin is revealed.” (2 Thessalonians 2:3)
  • “Now the Spirit expressly says that in latter times some will depart from the faith, giving heed to deceiving spirits and doctrines of demons.” (1 Timothy 4:1)
  • “Because lawlessness will abound, the love of many will grow cold.” (Matthew 24:12)

This isn’t mere personal struggle. Apostasy is a deliberate turning away from God’s truth — and it is the hallmark of the last days.

Watchfulness, Not Date-Setting

There is a danger on both sides:

  • Neglect — ignoring prophecy altogether.
  • Speculation — trying to set dates, which Jesus forbids (Matthew 24:36).

Instead, Christ commands: “Watch therefore, for you do not know what hour your Lord is coming.” (Matthew 24:42)

The call is to watchfulness, not panic. We may not know the exact day or hour, but we are called to recognize the season (1 Thessalonians 5:4–6).

Reflection

Eschatology is not meant to confuse us but to anchor us. God has given prophecy not to entertain our curiosity but to equip our faith. To ignore it is to ignore part of His Word. To abuse it is to twist His truth. But to embrace it rightly is to live with hope, holiness, mission, and comfort.

Reflection Questions

  1. When you think of prophecy, do you feel overwhelmed, skeptical, or encouraged? Why?
  2. Which of the four purposes of prophecy (hope, holiness, mission, comfort) do you most need to strengthen in your life right now?
  3. How can you practice watchfulness without slipping into fear or speculation?

Closing Prayer

Father, thank You that You have revealed the end from the beginning. Thank You for the hope of Christ’s return, the call to holiness, the urgency of mission, and the comfort of Your promises. Guard us from deception in these last days. Teach us to live as watchful disciples, ready for the return of our Lord. In Jesus’ name, Amen.

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References & Further Reading

Scripture:

  • Titus 2:13 — the “blessed hope.”
  • Matthew 24:42 — command to watch.
  • 2 Timothy 4:8 — crown for those who love His appearing.
  • Revelation 1:3 — blessing for reading prophecy.

Early Church Witnesses:

  • Papias (AD 60–130), fragment recorded by Eusebius, affirming a literal 1,000-year reign.
  • Justin Martyr (Dialogue with Trypho, ch. 80) — affirms premillennial hope.

Archaeological & Textual:

  • Dead Sea Scrolls (1947–) — confirming OT prophetic manuscripts preserved with high accuracy.
  • Codex Sinaiticus (c. AD 350) — one of the oldest complete NT manuscripts.

Extra-Biblical Sources:

  • Josephus, Wars of the Jews (Book 6) — description of Jerusalem’s fall in AD 70.
  • Tacitus, Annals (Book 15) — Roman historian noting early Christians and persecution.

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First Fruits, Holy Days

Messiah, the First Fruits: A Messianic Exposition and Devotional Journey

Rooted & Raised

I. Scriptural Foundation — What Are First Fruits?

“Then the Lord spoke to Moses, saying, ‘Speak to the sons of Israel and say to them, “When you enter the land which I am going to give to you and reap its harvest, then you shall bring in the sheaf of the first fruits of your harvest to the priest. He shall wave the sheaf before the Lord for you to be accepted; on the day after the sabbath the priest shall wave it.”’
— Leviticus 23:9–11 (NASB 1995)

The Feast of First Fruits (Bikkurim) is one of the appointed times in Leviticus 23. It was celebrated on the day after the Sabbath following Passover—the first day of the week. As the barley harvest began, Israel was commanded to bring the first and best of their crop to the priest as a wave offering, consecrating the rest of the harvest to the LORD.

II. Understanding First Fruits in Jewish Thought

  1. Timing and Meaning

“Bikkurim” (בִּכּוּרִים) means first of the ripe fruits—a Hebrew idiom meaning what is most precious, set apart, and belonging to God.

First Fruits marked the beginning of the harvest season and launched the Counting of the Omer, a 50-day journey of anticipation leading to Shavuot (Pentecost).

  1. Cultural Insights

Farmers would tie a reed around the ripening sheaf and declare, “This is for the LORD.”

The “first” of anything—fruit, children, livestock—was not optional. In Jewish culture, it acknowledged that God owns everything, and we are simply stewards.

Jewish Idiom: “The first belongs to the King.” It was a way of honoring the covenant relationship with YHWH.

III. Fulfillment in Messiah — Jesus, the First Fruits

1 Corinthians 15:20–23 (NASB 1995)

“But now Christ has been raised from the dead, the first fruits of those who are asleep. For since by a man came death, by a man also came the resurrection of the dead. But each in his own order: Christ the first fruits, after that those who are Christ’s at His coming.”

Yeshua rose on the Feast of First Fruits, fulfilling this appointed time not only in timing but in meaning.

Messianic Fulfillment:

Jesus is the “First Fruits” of the resurrection—the first of the final harvest to be raised in glory.

Just as the first sheaf made the whole harvest holy, Messiah’s resurrection sanctifies the resurrection of all who belong to Him.

This also fulfills Psalm 16:10 — “You will not allow Your Holy One to undergo decay.”

Jewish Thought: “What begins in holiness continues in holiness.” The first fruits were a pledge of what’s to come.

IV. Key Themes and Jewish Idioms

V. Devotional Exercises — Living the First Fruits Life

Each of these is rooted in Scripture and can be practiced individually or with your family or small group.

  1. Gratitude Offering

Read: Deuteronomy 26:1–11
Do: Write down your “first fruits” in this season. What has God given you that you can give back—your time, talents, worship, resources?
Pray:

“Abba, everything I have comes from You. I offer You my first and best. Let my life be an offering, just as You gave me Your best in Yeshua.”

  1. Resurrection Reflection

Read: 1 Corinthians 15:12–28
Do: Journal what it means that Messiah is the first fruits of the resurrection. How does His resurrection shape your view of eternity?
Reflect:

“If He rose, so will I. My future is as secure as the empty tomb.”

  1. Counting the Omer — Spiritual Renewal

Read: Psalm 119:1–16
Do: Begin a 50-day Scripture journey from First Fruits to Pentecost. Each day, read a Psalm or passage, meditate, and record spiritual growth.
Blessing (adapted):

“Blessed are You, LORD our God, King of the universe, who sanctifies us in Messiah and teaches us by His Spirit.”

  1. Consecrate Your Harvest

Read: Romans 12:1–2
Do: Dedicate the areas of your life that need to be surrendered to the Lord—work, family, ministry, dreams. Offer them as a “wave offering.”
Pray:

“Yeshua, You are my First and Best. Teach me to live as a first fruits believer—holy, consecrated, and joyfully Yours.”

VI. Final Word — Messiah the First and the Guarantee

The first fruits were the pledge that more was coming. In Messiah’s resurrection, we have the guarantee that the full harvest of believers will one day rise. Until then, we live as consecrated ones—bearing fruit, growing in holiness, and anticipating the day of final redemption.

“But each in his own order: Messiah the First Fruits, then those who are Messiah’s at His coming.”
— 1 Corinthians 15:23

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Holy Days, Unleavened Bread

Unleavened Bread (Chag HaMatzot) — Buried with Christ, Made New

Rooted & Raised

Scripture Focus: Exodus 12:15–20; Leviticus 23:6–8; 1 Corinthians 5:6–8; Romans 6:4–11; John 6:35

The Feast of Unleavened Bread begins on April 13, 2025, immediately following Passover, and continues for seven days. During this appointed time, the people of Israel were commanded to remove all leaven from their homes and eat only unleavened bread. This feast did not merely commemorate haste in Egypt—it proclaimed the sanctification that follows deliverance.

What Leaven Represents

Leaven in Scripture often symbolizes sin, corruption, and false teaching. Paul wrote, “Do you not know that a little leaven leavens the whole lump of dough? Clean out the old leaven so that you may be a new lump, just as you are in fact unleavened” (1 Corinthians 5:6–7). The call was not simply to remove yeast from bread, but to rid our lives of hypocrisy, wickedness, and doctrinal compromise.

Unleavened bread, in contrast, points to sincerity and truth (v. 8). It is the pure, unpolluted nourishment of the Word and of Christ Himself, who declared, “I am the bread of life” (John 6:35).

The Burial of Christ and the Removal of Sin

The Feast of Unleavened Bread also prophetically coincides with the time Jesus’ body lay in the tomb. Having become sin for us (2 Corinthians 5:21), He was buried—and with Him, our old man was crucified (Romans 6:6). “Therefore we have been buried with Him through baptism into death… so we too might walk in newness of life” (Romans 6:4).

Christ’s death and burial are not just facts to be affirmed; they are realities into which the believer is baptized. Just as Israel left Egypt in haste, leaving behind the leaven of bondage, so we are to leave behind the leaven of our former lives.

Living as Unleavened People

Paul did not tell the Corinthians to become unleavened—he told them they already were: “you are in fact unleavened.” This is a positional truth, grounded in Christ. Yet he also commanded, “Clean out the old leaven.” This is our response in obedience.

Our new identity in Christ demands a new walk: holy, distinct, and sincere. The Feast of Unleavened Bread is a call to examine our hearts, to purge out the hidden things of darkness, and to walk as children of light.

Devotional Reflection: Sanctified by the Word and Spirit

Read Together: Exodus 12:15–20; 1 Corinthians 5:6–8; Romans 6:4–11

Discuss:

  • Why did God command the removal of all leaven?
  • How does leaven illustrate the dangers of sin or false teaching in our lives?
  • What does it mean that we are already “unleavened” in Christ?
  • How can we actively “clean out the old leaven” day by day?

Reflect: Spend time identifying areas where sin or compromise may have crept in unnoticed. Invite the Holy Spirit to search and purify. Remember that our sanctification is both a gift and a responsibility.

Pray: Father, You have delivered us not only from judgment but into a new and holy life. Cleanse us from hidden faults, and teach us to walk in sincerity and truth. Thank You for burying our old selves with Christ. Help us now to live as a new lump, pleasing in Your sight. In Jesus’ name, Amen.

Let us walk as unleavened, for He who died was buried—and we with Him—so that we might truly live.

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Holy Days, Passover

Passover (Pesach) — The Lamb, the Table, and the Bridegroom

Rooted & Raised

Scripture Focus: Exodus 12; Leviticus 23:4–5; Matthew 26:17–30; John 1:29; 1 Corinthians 5:7; Revelation 19:7–9

As Passover begins at sundown on Saturday, April 12, 2025, we pause to remember a story of deliverance that God wrote into the very foundations of His covenant with Israel. Yet this deliverance was not just a shadow of things to come—it was a prophetic foreshadowing of a greater Lamb, a greater exodus, and a greater feast prepared for a Bride who has made herself ready.

The First Passover: A Sign of Substitutionary Deliverance

When the LORD instituted Passover in Exodus 12, He commanded each household to take a lamb, without blemish, and keep it until the fourteenth day of the first month. The lamb was not merely a ritual object—it was a substitute. It would die in place of the firstborn. Its blood was to be spread on the doorposts and lintel as a sign. The destroyer would pass over any home marked by the blood.

Here we see a vital gospel truth: Israel was not spared because of their own righteousness, but because of God’s mercy and provision. The blood of the lamb was the only difference between the spared and the struck.

Christ, Our Passover

The New Testament declares this plainly: “For Christ our Passover also has been sacrificed” (1 Corinthians 5:7b). John the Baptist recognized this when he cried, “Behold, the Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world!” (John 1:29). The Passover lamb was not just a memorial of Egypt—it was a prophetic picture of the Lamb who would come to bear the judgment of God for sin.

Every detail of the Passover lamb was fulfilled in Jesus:

  • Without blemish (Exodus 12:5) — Christ was sinless (Hebrews 4:15).
  • None of its bones broken (Exodus 12:46) — fulfilled in John 19:36.
  • Slain at twilight — Jesus died at the ninth hour, the time of the evening sacrifice (Mark 15:34).

The Last Supper: A Betrothal Meal

On the night He was betrayed, Jesus sat at table with His disciples to celebrate Passover. But this meal, the Last Supper, was unlike any before it. The Lamb Himself was hosting. He took the bread and the cup, symbols of affliction and redemption, and redefined them in His own body and blood: “This is My body, which is given for you… This cup which is poured out for you is the new covenant in My blood” (Luke 22:19–20).

In Jewish wedding custom, a man would offer a cup of wine to the woman he desired to marry. If she accepted and drank, she agreed to become his bride. Jesus offered the cup that night to all who would enter covenant with Him. It was not only a remembrance of redemption but a proposal. In doing so, He wove wedding language into the Passover.

The Bridegroom’s Promise and the Wedding Feast

Jesus then said, “I will not drink of this fruit of the vine from now on until that day when I drink it new with you in My Father’s kingdom” (Matthew 26:29). This is the language of betrothal. Just as the Jewish bridegroom would go to prepare a place for his bride and return for her, Jesus promised, “I go to prepare a place for you… I will come again and receive you to Myself” (John 14:2–3).

Thus, the Passover is not only a remembrance of Egypt but a rehearsal for the Marriage Supper of the Lamb (Revelation 19:7–9). We, the Church, purified by the blood of the Lamb, are the Bride who waits, watches, and prepares herself in righteousness (Revelation 19:8).

Ramifications for the Disciple of Christ Today

  • Do we recognize the cost of our redemption? Passover demands that we never treat Christ’s body and blood as common or profane (Hebrews 10:29). To take communion without reverence is to forget the cross.
  • Are we living as a betrothed Bride? A woman betrothed in Jewish culture would remain faithful, pure, and expectant. Our lives should reflect the holiness and anticipation of the Bride awaiting her Bridegroom.
  • Are we ready for the feast? The parable of the ten virgins (Matthew 25:1–13) reminds us that only those who were prepared entered with the Bridegroom. We are called to spiritual readiness, clothed in righteousness, with lamps burning.

Devotional Thought for Families or Small Groups

Read Exodus 12:1–30 and Matthew 26:17–30 together. Discuss the significance of the lamb’s blood, the cup, and Christ’s promise to return. Consider asking:

  • Why did God command Israel to remember the Passover year after year?
  • How is Jesus both our Passover Lamb and Bridegroom?
  • What does it mean to be ready for His return?

Reflect: Take a quiet moment as a family or group to think on the Lamb who was slain. Consider the weight of sin, the wonder of substitution, and the joyful hope of the coming wedding feast.

Pray: Father, thank You for the blood of the Lamb that covers and cleanses us. Thank You for redeeming us from slavery to sin and death. Help us to live as Your beloved Bride—faithful, watchful, and filled with Your Spirit. May we long for the day when the Bridegroom returns and the marriage supper begins. Come quickly, Lord Jesus. Amen.

Come, Lord Jesus.

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